1715 National Library Of Scotland
A number of days after the Irish Jacobites have been defeated at The Battle of the Boyne in July 1690, victory at Beachy Head gave the French short-term manage of the English Channel. James returned to France to urge an immediate invasion of England, but the Anglo-Dutch fleet soon regained maritime supremacy, and the chance was lost. In 1642, the Catholic Confederacy representing the Irish insurgents proclaimed allegiance to Charles, but the Stuarts were an unreliable ally, considering the fact that concessions in Ireland cost them Protestant assistance in all 3 kingdoms. In addition, the Adventurers’ Act, approved by Charles...